Tuesday, March 19, 2024
No 1 (38)

Vietnam’s Long Road to the United Nations, 1945-1977

Although Viet Nam had made great efforts in applying for membership to the United Nations (UN) since 1945, it took Viet Nam more than 30 years to realize this aspiration. Over those three decades, there were four main stages in the UN - Viet Nam relations. In this period, the UN - Viet Nam relationship also faced three main obstacles, namely, legitimate representative of Viet Nam, the complexity in the United States’ domestic politics and the rivalry between the two superpowers: the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the United States (US). However, the UN - Viet Nam relationship was still pushed forward by Viet Nam’s aspiration, the support from international community, the need of the US to promote its relations with Viet Nam and the activities of many UN agencies on the ground.

No 1 (42)

ASEAN-ROK Relations in Indo-Pacific Perspective: Positive Trends and Challenges

The relationship between ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) and the ROK (Republic of Korea) has been largely positive in three main areas: economic, political-security, and socio-culture relations since establishing a dialogue partnership in 1989. Today, in the context of an emerging Indo-Pacific with many risks of intensifying strategic competition among major powers seeking to assert their influence and interests, other regional countries thereby tend to diversify relations through bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms to avoid getting stuck in a more intensive confrontation between the U.S. (United States) and China in the region. As regional entities with similar characteristics, ASEAN and the ROK share a regional outlook which naturally leads them toward cooperation (ASEAN-Korea Center, 2019). This paper sheds light on three main positive trends for ASEAN-ROK cooperation prospects in the Indo-Pacific as follows: a synchronization of Indo-Pacific concepts of ASEAN and the ROK; the ROK’s New Southern Policy toward ASEAN; and the constructive development of bilateral relations between Korea and Southeast Asian countries, particularly Vietnam. However, from a critical perspective for long-term, cooperative relations in the region, ASEAN and the ROK still face two big challenges: the threat of regional security instability and a lack of consensus among ASEAN member states.

No 1 (42)

Confidence Building in the Asia-Pacific: Theory, Practices and Lessons

The developments of ideas and measures on confidence building in the Asia-Pacific region reveal a trajectory that is distinct from the European experiences. While the CBMs in Europe are designed to touch upon highly sensitive and military issues, the CBMs in the Asia-Pacific are devised for much softer and less restrictive one. They are more suitable to the strategic environment in the Asia-Pacific: fluid and in flux configuration of power, diversity in actors, concerns and threats, nature of disputes and conflicts, and unique collective identity. Such a loosely process-oriented direction offers a couple of useful lessons for nations in the region to further introduce effective CBMs aimed at enhancing trust, and fostering cooperation for peace, stability and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific.

No 2 (41)

The Lower Mekong Initiative: 10-year Retrospect and Future Prospects

The Mekong Sub-region with its abundant natural resources, great potentials for development and important geopolitical location has attracted the attention of great powers and development partners, including the United States. The US policy on the Mekong Sub-region is most evident through the Lower Mekong Initiative (LMI) and the US participation in multilateral and bilateral cooperation mechanisms in the region. Established in 2009 with five countries in the Mekong region and the United States, the LMI has become one of the important sub-regional cooperation mechanisms and a part of the previous US rebalancing strategy and the current Indo-Pacific strategy. The following article will assess the process of cooperation between the US and the Mekong subregional countries through the implementation of LMI as well as the prospect of this US-led multilateral mechanism in the near future.
No 1 (42)

Transforming Rules-based Global Order

The rule-based global order has been in flux as cumulative crises impact its structure, organization, values, principles, rules and institutions. The order has attracted great attention from scholars who debate the nature, substance and dynamics of the existing rules-based global order, as well as whether it is newly established or being transformed on the basis of the US-led liberal world order. This article argues that the current rules-based global order, first should be understood as a result of intertwined political, economic and social processes, and hence the US-led liberal world order has changed in character, given new conditions and contexts. Under the influence of strategic great power politics, it has been facing various challenges and is becoming more multilateral, inclusive, open and normative.

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